Twins are two babies from only one mother at the same day of birth. [1] Twins can born in two possible ways. One way is that only one egg fertilizes and later splits into an identical twin. The other way is that two eggs are release and met one sperm: this gives a non-identical twin. Generally, a third of twins are identical twins and second-third of twins are non-identical twins.

Non-identical twins are become pregnant with at the same time. Rarely, in this type, the twins can have different fathers. [2] First, one egg meet with one sperm and they fertilize. Later, one sperm met the fertilized cell, so one egg meets two sperms. So, this make the twins can have two different fathers but one same mother. Non-identical twins share only half of their genes, so their faces can might be very similar or very different.

Identical twins are formed by splitting eggs. They split for no reason.  But when they split, they share exact same genes. Based on today’s research, the egg splits because of the ovulation-including drug, the treatment can cause more splitting system. [3]

We can determine twins whether they are identical or non-identical by number of the placenta. If they have only one placenta, they are identical twins. If they have two divided placenta, they are non-identical twins.

[1]http://www.babyworld.co.uk/information/pregnancy/twins/why_twins_identical.asp

[2]http://www.babyworld.co.uk/information/pregnancy/twins/why_twins_identical.asp

[3]http://www.babyworld.co.uk/information/pregnancy/twins/why_twins_identical.asp

Pictures: http://pregnancy.about.com/cs/twinsmore/a/twinbasics.htm

http://www.pregnancy-bliss.co.uk/howtwinsoccur.html

Figure 1

- four kinds of twins

Figure 2

- Twins with two different sacs and separated placentas.

Today, many people are arguing about the topic whether stem cell research is good or not. Those who think that we can not kill one’s life for others’ lives might say that stem cell research is not good. However, I think sperm cell is good for two major reasons: to save many peoples’ lives and to not make aborted babies’ lives unworthy.

First of all, if the stem cell research proceeds, many diseases can be cured. Now, many people are suffering from diseases that can not be cured. However, if we can start the stem cell research, we can save a lot of people who are suffering from many kinds of diseases: Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer, heart disease, spinal cord injuries, replace destroyed organs, and reduce the risk of transplantation. If we can cure these diseases, almost half of world’s population will increase. Also, if we keep the stem cell research working, we could know better about humans’ bodies. If we can know better about human bodies, we can also make good medicines or helpful medicines for human bodies. So, the stem cell research will give a huge benefit to the medical improvement.

Second, these days many young mothers kill their babies because they are too young or too poor to have one. Doctors do not have the right to not kill the babies, if the mothers want to they should follow women’s words. Then, anyway the babies will die so poorly. But what if we make the babies’ deaths more valuable? The babies die without doing something or living the life. But if we use babies’ stem cells to cure somebody, it will not make poor young lives unworthy. Therefore, I think the stem research is good.

For these two reasons, I think the stem cell research is useful. However, I think it is not the best idea. I know that we can save a lot of people who are suffering from many kinds of diseases. However, to save some humans we are killing other humans. If we use aborted babies to the research, young mothers will not really feel sorry for their babies, anymore. In my point of view, the stem cell research is useful, but not the best way to make the world develop.

Frits Zernike

Frits Zernike was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on July 16th, 1888. [1] Carl Frederick August Zernike’s, who was math teacher and a head of a primary school in Amsterdam, second son of six children. Frits Zernike was influenced a lot by his father. His father had a lot of interest in Science, so he produced a series of elementary books. Also, he had an article about his credit. Actually, it was not only his father that influenced him: his mother and brother. His mother, Antje Dieperink, was also the mathematics teacher. One of his brother was a physics professor.

From 1938 to 1948, he solved the problem of the influence of lens aberrations on the diffraction pattern at a focus. At first, his discovery of the phase-contrast phenomenon did not really capture the attentions from the public. However, after the coopration with German C. Zeiss,  people started to have attentions on his work. Later, his work was recognized by the Royal Microscopical Society for making the phase-contrast microscope.  Also,  he was awarded the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society and an honorary doctorate in Medicine from the University of Amsterdam. At the last, he got Novel Prize for the formation of phase-contrast microscope. Frits Zernike’s discovery also helped coherence theory’s formation. [2]

1.http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1953/zernike-bio.html

2.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frits_Zernike

Picture: http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1953/zernike-bio.html

http://www.surveymonkey.com/s.aspx?sm=kGXEYiQa1fpTVsfmN6B0ZA_3d_3d

The best HAIRMIXER goes to Sung Eun!!!!!!!!!

              Iran has a variable climate. In the northwest, winters are cold with heavy snowfall and subfreezing temperatures during December and January. Spring and fall are relatively mild, while summers are dry and hot. In the south, winters are mild and the summers are very hot, having average daily temperatures in July exceeding 38′C. On the Khuzestan plain, summer heat is accompanied by high humidity.

               Iran’s about half is mountainuos and the rest half is the desert and the fields.

              The biggest environmental problem Iran currently faces is air pollution, especially in the capital city of Tehran, but also in regional cities like Tabriz.  About 1.5 million tons of pollutants are produced in Tehran annually, with carbon monoxide from car exhaust making up a large percentage of these pollutants. Most of Tehran’s nearly 2 million cars are over 20 years old, with poor fuel efficiency and lacking catalytic converters and the ability to use lead-free gasoline.  Many of these cars are domestically produced Paykans, manufactured by the Iran Khodro company.  Leaky engines and cars spewing black smoke are a familiar sight contributing to the city’s hazardous air pollution, as well as its infamous traffic snarls.  In January 2002, President Khatami declared that “from now on, all the Iranian-made cars will be provided with favourable standards for fuel consumption.”  Khatami also pledged to move Iran towards lead-free gasoline in the near future.

                In Iran, 43.1% was origianlly forest. 1.5% is left now. They are sub-tropical and temperate forests. None of the froests are protected.

              0% is endemic.

Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health — CIA World Factbook, 2005  Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products — The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS’s Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005) and the State of the World’s Forests (2005, 2003, 2001)  Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity — United Nations Environment Programme – World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.  Biosphere reservers — United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) – Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO – MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.  RAMSAR sites — The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.  World Resources Institute’s EarthTrends web site  The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species  Population Data — United Nations Population Fund  With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com

          Google is a major player in the online advertising industry. Every time you search Google, you’ll see ads displayed along with your results. Those ads are never “mixed in” with the results – there is no “pay to play” on Google… which is one of the reasons Google became the most popular search engine in the first place. But the sponsored text-link ads above and to the right of the results generate a great deal of money for Google. These ads are known as “Google Adwords.” Those who wish to advertise via Google can learn more on Google’s Adwords page. (http://www.boutell.com/newfaq/sitespecific/googlemoney.html)

           Gmail makes money because people who use Gmail want to increase their email storages. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmail)

         Google calenders don’t make money.

           Google documents don’t make money.

           Google Picasa makes money by people who want to increase their picasa storages. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasa)

           I don’t really trust google, because some hackers can hacking my accounts. Also if google have service problems, my homework in google documents will disappear or I can not do homework so I got low scores.

          Google Premium Services is a program about the advertising on the google.

 -Minimum spend: $30,000 over three months, with at least $10,000 per month

 -Minimum spend for agencies: $10,000 per client per month with a minimum of one month

http://www.google.com/ads/overview.html

 Pikikids is a funny web. I can make the comic in this web for free. I can chage the color of the lines and the background. Also, we can make the comic 1~9 boxes. It will be useful when I have to make the steps of doing something with the computer.

         Surveymonkey is an useful web.  We can make the surveys for 10 minutes and can send it to everybody who I want to send. My questions were

1. 1. If you go to the space, where do you want to visit? Ex)Venus.2. If you have time, which country do you want to go?3. Which university do you want to go?

4. If you can be an animal, which animal do you want to be?

5. Do you like Softbank, or Docomo, or Au?

6. Which instrument do you want to learn?

7. Do you like speaking Japanese or English?

8. You are in the isolated island, you can have only one thing. What will you choose?

9. What will you gonna do, if the killer visits your house but you can not call to the police?

10. Who do you want to meet, right now?

For question 1, 2 people said the Moon, 1 person said the Sun, 1 person said the Saturn, 1 person said the Pluto, 1 person said blackhole, 1 person said the Milky Way, 1 person said the Jupitar, 1 person said the space(?), 1 person said the Earth, and 1 person said the Mars. The anweres are complicated. The number one was the MOON!!

For question 2, 3 people said the USA, 2 people said Korea, 1 person said Spain, 1 person said Italy, 1 person said Mexico, 1 person said Japan, 1 person said Finland, and 1 person said Thailand. It’s also complicated. The number one was the USA!

For question 3, 1 person said Harvard, 1 person said University of California in Los Angeles, 1 person said NYCU, 1 person said Standford or FIDM, 1 person said Seoul Junandea, 1 person said Seoul University, 1 person said  Madison University, 1 person said  Not sure but not in Japan, 1 person said  I don’t really care, 1 person said  Helsingin Yliopisto, and 1 person said Assumption College University. It was very complicated.

For question 4, 2 said bird, 1 said eagle, 1 said horse, 1 person said  human, 1 person said  I don’t like animals, 1 person said  cat, 1 person said  an animal that is a tertiary consumer in the ecosystem, 1 person said  dolphin, 1 person said  hawk, and 1 person said  hamster. The number one was bird!

For question 5, 4 people said softbank, 3 people said AU, 3 people said docomo, and one said none. It was pretty good. The number one was SOFTBANK!

For question 6, 4 said guitars, 2 said drums, 1 said piano, 1 said flute, 1 said violin, and 2 said everything. It was good. The number one was GUITARS!

For question 7, 5 people said English, 2 said Japanese, 2 said both, 1 said it depends on the circumstances, and 1 said Thai. The number one was ENGLISH!

For question 8, 2 said a boat, 2 said food, 1 said house, 1 said cellphone, 1 said a friend, 1 person said  a helicopter, 1 person said  an airplane, 1 person said  girlfriend, and 1 person said  way to go home.

For question 9, 1 said will hide, 1 said become a friend, 2 said run, 4 said kill, 1 said make him naked, 1 person said  scream, and 1 person said  say hello and give him/her some food.

For question 10, 1 said nobody, 1 said Saya, 1 said the killer that might visit my house, 1 said Tiger Woods, 2 said friends, 1 said Micky Yuchun, 1 said Osama Binladin, 1 person said  Xiah Junsu, 1 person said  sharks, and 1 person said  Alexi Laiho.

       Fotoflexer is a cool web. We can put one picture on the another picture for FREE! We can add text and can put stickers. Also, we can makes the picture better or more blurrry!

            I think logoease is a good web. There were not many kinds of logos but we could change the color and size. Moreover, I could add lines and text. Adding text was really cool. If I put my logo on the T-shirt, I will like my T-shirt!